Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer and plays a critical role in its development and progression. Various pathways contribute to genomic instability, including defects in DNA repair mechanisms, errors during DNA replication and cell division and exposure to environmental mutagens. For instance, defects in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are crucial for repairing double-strand breaks in DNA, are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Similarly, deficiencies in the mismatch repair system, responsible for correcting base-pair mismatches, are linked to colorectal cancer and other malignancies.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of genomic instability is crucial for improving cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Strategies such as synthetic lethality and the use of PARP inhibitors in BRCA-mutant cancers, are examples of how this knowledge is being translated into clinical practice. Additionally, advances in genomic technologies and computational approaches have provided insights into the genomic instability of various cancer types, informing targeted treatment approaches and precision medicine strategies.
It is important for us to continue advancing our collective understanding in this area to identify novel therapeutic targets, develop personalized cancer prevention strategies, and improve patient outcomes. Ongoing research efforts may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for early cancer detection or the development of innovative cancer therapies. With this in mind, BMC Cancer is opening submissions to this Collection on Genomic instability in cancer. We welcome articles on the following:
- Mechanisms of genomic instability in cancer
- Chromosomal abnormalities and aneuploidy
- Epigenetic alterations and their impact on genomic stability
- Role of environmental factors in genome instability
- Role of genomic instability in cancer development and progression
- Technological advances for the study of genomic instability
- Novel approaches in cancer therapy targeting genomic instability
- Biomarkers of genomic instability for cancer diagnosis and prognosis
- Computational approaches to study genomic instability
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